Song: Variable syllables "teetsa-teetsa-teetsa, zee-zee-zee, sewee-sewee-swee" usually, but not always, ending with a rise in pitch to a very high finish. Sometimes ends with a lower-pitched "spit-spit-spit", which can cause confusion with the song of Golden-crowned Kinglet. However, rarely has the cascading effect of the Golden-crowned Kinglet. Occasionally, no ending is added, at which times the song may be reminiscent of a more slurred and musical Black-and-White Warbler, or a more emphatic Cape May Warbler. Compare Golden-crowned Kinglet, American Redstart, Cape May, Bay-breasted, and Black-and-white Warblers.